Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...d6/3. d4/3...Nd7/4. Bc4/4...Ngf6

Hanham variation
	a b c d e f g h 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b c d e f g h
	Position in Forsyth-Edwards Notation (FEN) r1bqkb1r/pppn1ppp/3p1n2/4p3/2BPP3/5N2/PPP2PPP/RNBQK2R
	Moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nd7 4. Bc4 Ngf6
	ECO code: C41
	Parent: Philidor defence → Hanham variation → 4. Bc4

4...Ngf6

Black develops a knight and controls d5, but this natural move loses a pawn.

White can capture 5. dxe5 and Black can't recover it and hold onto it.

5...dxe5 allows 6. Ng5! and Black has to give up at least a piece to prevent Bxf7 Ke7 Ne7!, trapping the queen. Black has to give up at least a piece to prevent it (6...Bb4+ 7. c3 O-O 8. cxb4), or accept two pieces for their queen (e.g. 6...Bb4+ 7. c3 Bc5 8. Bxf7+ Ke7 9. Ne6 Kxf7 10. Nxd8+ Rxd8).
5...Nxe5 is better, but allows White to seize the f7 pawn and trade queens (5...Nxe5 6. Nxe5 dxe5 7. Bxf7+ and e.g. 7...Ke7 8. Qxd8+ Kxd8).

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nd7 4. Bc4 Ngf6

Hanham variation
a b c d e f g h 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b c d e f g h
Position in Forsyth-Edwards Notation (FEN) r1bqkb1r/pppn1ppp/3p1n2/4p3/2BPP3/5N2/PPP2PPP/RNBQK2R
Moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nd7 4. Bc4 Ngf6
ECO code: C41
Parent: Philidor defence → Hanham variation → 4. Bc4